BMST - Basic Math and Science Atomic Structure and Bonding Questions and Answers 5

Question 1

Which model of the atom describes electrons as existing in a probability cloud or orbital rather than a fixed orbit?

Accepted Answer

Quantum mechanical model

Answer

The quantum mechanical model uses orbitals — regions of probability — to describe where electrons are likely to be found.

Question 2

Sodium (Na) has an atomic number of 11. How many electrons are in its outermost shell?

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

Sodium's electron configuration is 2-8-1, placing one electron in the third (outermost) shell.

Question 3

Double covalent bonds involve the sharing of how many electrons between two atoms?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

A double bond consists of two shared pairs of electrons, totaling 4 electrons between the two atoms.

Question 4

Which of the following pairs would most likely form an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

Sodium and chlorine

Answer

Sodium is a metal and chlorine is a nonmetal; large electronegativity differences between metals and nonmetals favor ionic bonding.

Question 5

An element has 17 protons. It gains one electron to become an ion. What is the charge of this ion?

Accepted Answer

-1

Answer

Gaining one electron adds a negative charge, making the ion a 1- (chloride) ion.

BMST - Basic Math and Science Test Practice Test