BMST - Basic Math and Science Atomic Structure and Bonding Questions and Answers 3

Question 1

Which subatomic particle determines the chemical identity of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

The number of protons (atomic number) uniquely identifies each element.

Question 2

What type of bond forms when one atom donates electrons to another atom?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged ions.

Question 3

How many electrons can the third electron shell (n=3) hold at maximum?

Accepted Answer

18

Answer

The third shell can hold a maximum of 18 electrons, calculated by 2n² = 2(3)² = 18.

Question 4

Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum

Answer

This configuration has 13 electrons total, which matches aluminum (atomic number 13).

Question 5

A molecule of water (H₂O) has two O-H bonds. What is the geometry of this molecule?

Accepted Answer

Bent (V-shaped)

Answer

Water has a bent shape due to two lone pairs on oxygen that repel the bonding pairs.

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