- Basic Math and Science Cellular Processes and Organelles Questions and Answers Flashcards
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Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?
Answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, converting glucose and oxygen into ATP.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Answer: Protein synthesis
Ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins.
Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
Answer: S phase
The S (synthesis) phase is when DNA is replicated in preparation for cell division.
What structure controls what enters and exits the cell?
Answer: Cell membrane
The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is selectively permeable, regulating transport in and out of the cell.
What is osmosis?
Answer: Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration
Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water from areas of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration.
Which organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and shipping proteins?
Answer: Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the ER, processes them, and ships them to their destinations.