Bluebook SAT Test Percentages Ratios and Proportions 3

Question 1

A tank is 40% full with 120 gallons. What is the tank's total capacity?

Accepted Answer

300

Answer

0.40 × total = 120 → total = 120/0.40 = 300 gallons.

Question 2

A runner completes a 5-mile race in 40 minutes. What is their speed in miles per hour?

Accepted Answer

7.5 mph

Answer

Speed = 5 miles / (40/60) hours = 5 / (2/3) = 7.5 mph.

Question 3

The ratio of teachers to students in a school is 1:18. If there are 540 students, how many teachers are there?

Accepted Answer

30

Answer

1/18 = t/540 → t = 540/18 = 30 teachers.

Question 4

A jacket is marked up 40% from its wholesale price of $70. What is the retail price?

Accepted Answer

$98

Answer

Markup = 40% × $70 = $28. Retail = $70 + $28 = $98.

Question 5

A solution is 15% salt. How many grams of salt are in 200 grams of solution?

Accepted Answer

30

Answer

15% × 200 = 0.15 × 200 = 30 grams of salt.

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