Plant Biology Flashcards
7 cards from real Biology Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Plant Biology flashcards as text
Which organelle is unique to plant cells and is responsible for photosynthesis?
Answer: Chloroplast
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are the sites of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.
What type of vascular tissue transports water and minerals from roots to leaves?
Answer: Xylem
Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals upward from roots through the stem to leaves.
Which plant hormone is primarily responsible for fruit ripening?
Answer: Ethylene
Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that triggers fruit ripening, leaf abscission, and other senescence processes.
What is the term for the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration?
Answer: Osmosis
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane toward higher solute concentration.
In C4 plants, where does initial CO2 fixation occur?
Answer: Mesophyll cells
In C4 plants, CO2 is initially fixed in mesophyll cells into a 4-carbon compound before being transferred to bundle sheath cells for the Calvin cycle.
What structure regulates gas exchange in plant leaves?
Answer: Stomata
Stomata are pores in the leaf epidermis flanked by guard cells that open and close to regulate CO2 intake and water vapor loss.
Which process describes the loss of water vapor from plant leaves?
Answer: Transpiration
Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plant surfaces, primarily through stomata, and drives the transpiration stream.