BCACP Clinical Literature Interpretation 5

Question 1

In a survival analysis, which graphical method is used to display time-to-event data comparing two treatment groups?

Accepted Answer

Kaplan-Meier curve

Answer

Kaplan-Meier curves display the probability of survival over time and allow visual comparison between groups.

Question 2

A study applies Bonferroni correction when analyzing multiple secondary endpoints. What is the purpose of this adjustment?

Accepted Answer

To control the family-wise Type I error rate when performing multiple comparisons

Answer

Bonferroni correction divides the alpha level by the number of comparisons to reduce the chance of false positive results.

Question 3

A funnel plot in a meta-analysis is asymmetrical. This finding most likely indicates:

Accepted Answer

Publication bias may be present

Answer

Asymmetry in a funnel plot suggests smaller studies with negative results may not have been published, indicating publication bias.

Question 4

Which of the following best defines a surrogate endpoint?

Accepted Answer

A biomarker used as a substitute for a clinically meaningful outcome

Answer

Surrogate endpoints are biomarkers (e.g., HbA1c, LDL-C) assumed to correlate with clinical outcomes but may not capture true patient benefit.

Question 5

A pharmacist critically evaluates a trial and notes patients in the control group received standard care instead of placebo. This describes which control type?

Accepted Answer

Active comparator control

Answer

An active comparator control compares the new intervention to existing standard-of-care treatment rather than an inert placebo.

BCACP - Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist Exam Practice Test

BCACP - Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist Exam Practice Test

BCACP Clinical Literature Interpretation 5