BCACP Cardiovascular Risk Reduction 5

Question 1

A patient with peripheral artery disease (ABI = 0.75) and hypertension needs antihypertensive therapy. Which drug class is NOT contraindicated in PAD and can be used safely?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

All major antihypertensive classes including ACE inhibitors, CCBs, and beta-blockers can be used in PAD; the priority is achieving BP control.

Question 2

A patient taking clopidogrel after coronary stent placement is prescribed omeprazole for GI protection. What is the main pharmacokinetic concern?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole inhibits CYP2C19 reducing clopidogrel activation

Answer

Omeprazole inhibits CYP2C19, the enzyme responsible for converting clopidogrel to its active metabolite, potentially reducing antiplatelet efficacy.

Question 3

Which lifestyle intervention has the MOST evidence for reducing LDL-C without medication?

Accepted Answer

Reducing dietary saturated fat

Answer

Reducing dietary saturated fat has the strongest evidence for lowering LDL-C among lifestyle interventions, replacing it with unsaturated fats provides additional benefit.

Question 4

In a patient with HFrEF on optimal medical therapy, which medication class has been shown to reduce hospitalizations and mortality with a unique mechanism involving sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibition?

Accepted Answer

SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer

SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin) reduce HF hospitalizations and CV mortality in HFrEF via osmotic diuresis and cardiac effects.

Question 5

A patient is prescribed sacubitril/valsartan for HFrEF. What is the required washout period before starting this drug if the patient was previously taking an ACE inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

36 hours

Answer

A 36-hour washout period is required after stopping an ACE inhibitor before starting sacubitril/valsartan to prevent life-threatening angioedema.

BCACP - Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist Exam Practice Test

BCACP - Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist Exam Practice Test

BCACP Cardiovascular Risk Reduction 5