BCACP Cardiovascular Risk Reduction 2

Question 1

A 58-year-old patient with hypertension and CKD (eGFR 35 mL/min) needs antihypertensive therapy. Which agent provides both BP control and renoprotection?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitor

Answer

Amlodipine

Answer

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer

Metoprolol

Question 2

According to ACC/AHA guidelines, which 10-year ASCVD risk threshold defines high risk and warrants statin initiation in primary prevention?

Accepted Answer

≥7.5%

Answer

≥5%

Answer

≥10%

Answer

≥15%

Question 3

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a subtherapeutic INR of 1.5. Which dietary change most likely contributed?

Accepted Answer

Increased green leafy vegetable intake

Answer

Increased dairy consumption

Answer

Increased citrus fruit intake

Answer

Increased red meat consumption

Question 4

Which class of medications is preferred for secondary prevention after a myocardial infarction to reduce mortality?

Accepted Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Alpha-blockers

Answer

Digoxin

Question 5

A 65-year-old male with diabetes and hypertension has a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 450 mg/g. Which agent is MOST appropriate to add?

Accepted Answer

Dapagliflozin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Pioglitazone

Question 6

Which lipid parameter is most directly associated with atherogenesis and is the primary treatment target in cardiovascular risk reduction?

Accepted Answer

LDL-C

Answer

HDL-C

Answer

Triglycerides

Answer

VLDL-C

Question 7

A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) asks about dietary modifications. What is the recommended daily sodium limit?

Accepted Answer

Less than 2,000–3,000 mg/day

Answer

Less than 1,000 mg/day

Answer

Less than 1,500 mg/day

Answer

Less than 4,000 mg/day