BLS Practice Test: Video 5 Answers (25 Questions) Flashcards

Supplemental oxygen provided during rescue breathing should ideally deliver what fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂)?

Answer: Close to 100% (high-flow oxygen)

High-flow oxygen maximizes oxygen delivery to hypoxic tissues during resuscitation.

An infant is found unresponsive with no breathing but has a pulse above 60/min. What is the correct next step?

Answer: Provide rescue breaths at 1 every 2–3 seconds

Infants with a pulse >60/min and absent breathing need rescue breathing only, at 20–30 breaths/min.

A patient with a laryngectomy (neck breather) is in respiratory arrest. How should you provide rescue breaths?

Answer: Seal the stoma and ventilate directly into the stoma

For a total laryngectomy patient, ventilate directly into the stoma since the upper airway is disconnected.

The bystander uses their cell phone to dial 911 and then goes in search of an AED. How will you intervene next?

Answer: look for breathing and check for a pulse simultaneously

While waiting for the bystander to call 911 and retrieve the AED, you should immediately assess the child's condition. This involves simultaneously looking for breathing and checking for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. This assessment will guide whether to start CPR or provide rescue breaths.

If an unresponsive patient has agonal gasps, how should you respond?

Answer: Treat as if not breathing and begin rescue breaths or CPR

Agonal gasps are ineffective and indicate cardiopulmonary arrest; begin CPR or rescue breathing immediately.

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of air during rescue breathing into a properly opened airway?

Answer: Mouth → pharynx → larynx → trachea → lungs

Air travels from the mouth through the pharynx, past the larynx and vocal cords, down the trachea, and into the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Which of the following is the most common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious adult?

Answer: The tongue falling back into the throat

In unconscious patients, loss of muscle tone causes the tongue to relax and fall back, blocking the airway — which is why airway maneuvers focus on lifting the jaw.

An infant is found unresponsive. What is the preferred method to open their airway?

Answer: Neutral to slight head-tilt with gentle chin-lift

For infants, only a slight head-tilt with gentle chin-lift is used because hyperextension can actually close the airway in very young children.

Which of the following is a sign that rescue breaths are being delivered correctly?

Answer: The patient's chest visibly rises with each breath

Visible chest rise with each breath confirms air is entering the lungs rather than the stomach.

Rescue breathing is being given to a child at what rate?

Answer: 1 breath every 2–3 seconds (20–30/min)

For a child with a pulse but no breathing, rescue breathing is delivered at 1 breath every 2–3 seconds, equivalent to 20–30 breaths per minute.

When performing CPR, what is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer?

Answer: 30:2

For a single rescuer performing CPR on an adult, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30 compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This ratio prioritizes chest compressions, which are the most critical component of CPR for maintaining blood flow. It ensures a balance between circulating blood and providing oxygen.

What is the recommended rate for chest compressions during adult CPR?

Answer: 100–120 compressions per minute

According to current Basic Life Support (BLS) guidelines, the recommended rate for chest compressions during adult CPR is 100 to 120 compressions per minute. This specific rate ensures adequate blood flow to vital organs, maximizing the effectiveness of CPR. Maintaining this rhythm is crucial for patient outcomes.

In a two-rescuer adult CPR scenario, when should the compressor role be switched?

Answer: Every 2 minutes or 5 cycles

Rescuers should switch the compressor role every 2 minutes (approximately 5 cycles of 30:2) to prevent fatigue and maintain compression quality.

What is the depth of chest compressions for an adult during CPR?

Answer: 2 inches

For effective adult CPR, chest compressions should be delivered to a depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm). This depth is critical to adequately compress the heart and circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs. However, compressions should not exceed 2.4 inches (6 cm) to avoid injury.

During CPR, a rescuer should avoid which of the following actions?

Answer: Leaning on the chest between compressions

Leaning on the chest between compressions prevents full recoil, which reduces venous return and decreases the effectiveness of CPR.

Which of the following is a POOR prognostic indicator for neurological recovery post-cardiac arrest?

Answer: Bilaterally absent N20 SSEP waves

Bilaterally absent N20 somatosensory evoked potential waves at ≥72 hours strongly predict poor neurological outcome.

Which vasopressor is most commonly used to treat post-resuscitation hypotension?

Answer: Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine is the preferred vasopressor for maintaining MAP ≥65 mmHg in post-cardiac arrest shock.

What is the goal of post-resuscitation care?

Answer: To stabilize and optimize the patient's condition

The primary goal of post-resuscitation care is to stabilize the patient's physiological parameters and optimize organ function following a cardiac arrest. This includes addressing the underlying cause of the arrest, preventing further injury, and supporting recovery to improve long-term neurological and functional outcomes. It's a comprehensive approach aimed at restoring the patient to their best possible state.

Which blood glucose range is recommended during post-cardiac arrest care?

Answer: 140–180 mg/dL

Glucose should be maintained between 140–180 mg/dL; both hypoglycemia and severe hyperglycemia worsen outcomes.

After ROSC, a patient remains unresponsive. What is the recommended next step regarding temperature management?

Answer: Prevent fever and maintain temperature ≤37.5°C

Current guidelines recommend preventing fever (≥37.5°C) in comatose post-arrest patients rather than routine deep hypothermia.