Back-End Development An Intro to Full-Stack Development 2

Question 1

Which layer of a full-stack application is responsible for storing and retrieving persistent data?

Accepted Answer

Data layer

Answer

The data layer (database tier) handles all persistent storage and retrieval operations in a full-stack app.

Question 2

In a REST API, which HTTP method is conventionally used to partially update an existing resource?

Accepted Answer

PATCH

Answer

PATCH is used for partial updates, while PUT replaces the entire resource.

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of an ORM (Object-Relational Mapper) in back-end development?

Accepted Answer

To map database tables to programming language objects

Answer

An ORM abstracts database interactions by mapping table rows to objects in your programming language.

Question 4

Which of the following is a key advantage of using environment variables for configuration?

Accepted Answer

They keep sensitive data out of source code

Answer

Environment variables store secrets like API keys outside of version-controlled source code.

Question 5

What does 'stateless' mean in the context of REST APIs?

Accepted Answer

Each request contains all information needed to process it independently

Answer

A stateless REST API requires every request to include all necessary context — the server holds no session state between requests.

Back-End Development Practice Test