B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Pharmacology 1

Question 1

Which receptor type mediates the bronchodilatory effect of epinephrine in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Beta-2 adrenergic

Answer

Epinephrine activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, causing relaxation and bronchodilation.

Question 2

What is the primary mechanism of action of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

Accepted Answer

Irreversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2

Answer

Aspirin irreversibly acetylates and inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis.

Question 3

Which pharmacokinetic parameter describes the fraction of an administered drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged?

Accepted Answer

Bioavailability

Answer

Bioavailability (F) is the fraction of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in its active form.

Question 4

The therapeutic index of a drug is calculated as:

Accepted Answer

LD50 / ED50

Answer

The therapeutic index equals LD50 divided by ED50; a higher value indicates a wider margin of safety.

Question 5

Which class of antihypertensive drugs acts by blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, enalapril) block ACE, preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, lowering blood pressure.

B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Practice Test