B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics 2

Question 1

What is the recommended first-line antibiotic for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by E. coli in the US?

Accepted Answer

Nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Answer

Current US guidelines recommend nitrofurantoin (5 days) or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3 days) as first-line agents for uncomplicated UTIs due to efficacy and preserving fluoroquinolones.

Question 2

Renal dose adjustment for medications is primarily necessary because the kidneys are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Elimination of drugs and active metabolites

Answer

The kidneys eliminate many drugs and active metabolites through filtration, secretion, and reabsorption; impaired renal function reduces clearance and can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity.

Question 3

Which medication counseling point is most important for patients taking oral bisphosphonates like alendronate?

Accepted Answer

Take on empty stomach and remain upright for 30 minutes

Answer

Oral bisphosphonates must be taken on an empty stomach with full water, and patients must remain upright for 30–60 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation and improve absorption.

Question 4

The 'five rights' of medication administration are patient, medication, dose, route, and:

Accepted Answer

Time

Answer

The five rights of medication administration are: right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, and right time — a foundational safety framework.

Question 5

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of which antibiotic class?

Accepted Answer

Aminoglycosides

Answer

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin) cause nephrotoxicity through accumulation in proximal tubular cells, requiring TDM and renal function monitoring.

B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Practice Test

B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Practice Test

B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics 2