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Material Selection & Properties Flashcards

7 cards from real AWS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which aluminum alloy series is considered non-heat-treatable?

    Answer: 5xxx series (magnesium alloys)

    The 5xxx series aluminum alloys are strengthened by work hardening rather than heat treatment, making them non-heat-treatable.

  2. What is the primary alloying element in 4340 alloy steel?

    Answer: Nickel, chromium, and molybdenum

    AISI 4340 is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel known for its high strength, toughness, and deep hardenability.

  3. In cast iron welding, what makes gray cast iron particularly susceptible to cracking?

    Answer: Brittle graphite flakes acting as stress concentrators

    Gray cast iron contains graphite in flake form, which acts as stress concentrators and creates brittleness, requiring preheat and slow cooling to prevent cracking.

  4. What does ASTM A36 designate in structural steel specification?

    Answer: A common mild structural steel with 36 ksi minimum yield strength

    ASTM A36 is a mild carbon structural steel with a minimum yield strength of 36,000 psi (36 ksi), widely used in construction and general fabrication.

  5. Which condition describes 'temper embrittlement' in alloy steels?

    Answer: Reduced toughness from slow cooling through 375-575°C temperature range

    Temper embrittlement occurs when certain alloy steels are slowly cooled or held in the 375–575°C range, causing impurity segregation to grain boundaries.

  6. What is the significance of the 'nil ductility transition temperature' (NDTT) for welded structures?

    Answer: Temperature below which steel loses its ability to deform plastically before fracture

    The NDTT defines the temperature below which a steel transitions from ductile to brittle fracture behavior, critical for structures operating in cold environments.

  7. Which copper alloy is classified as a 'red brass' and commonly used in plumbing applications?

    Answer: 85-5-5-5 (85% Cu, 5% Sn, 5% Pb, 5% Zn)

    85-5-5-5 alloy (also called red brass or ounce metal) contains 85% copper with tin, lead, and zinc additions, commonly used for valves and fittings.