AWS Metallurgy & Materials Flashcards
6 cards from real AWS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 AWS Metallurgy & Materials flashcards as text
What is 'grain growth' in the HAZ and why is it a concern?
Answer: Grains enlarge from high heat input, reducing toughness and strength
Excessive heat input causes grain growth in the HAZ, which reduces toughness and can lower tensile strength.
Which filler metal classification prefix indicates an electrode for carbon steel SMAW (Stick) welding per AWS A5.1?
Answer: E
AWS A5.1 uses the prefix 'E' (electrode) for covered SMAW electrodes for carbon steel.
What is the primary purpose of nickel as an alloying element in low-alloy high-strength steel?
Answer: Improve toughness, especially at low temperatures
Nickel lowers the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature, significantly improving low-temperature toughness.
The 'underbead crack' (cold crack) in the HAZ is most likely to form in which time frame after welding?
Answer: Hours or even days after welding has cooled
Hydrogen-induced underbead cracks typically form hours to days after cooling as hydrogen diffuses and accumulates.
Which term describes the measure of a material's resistance to plastic deformation, typically measured as load per unit area?
Answer: Hardness
Hardness measures a material's resistance to localized plastic deformation (e.g., indentation).
When welding dissimilar metals such as carbon steel to stainless steel, which type of filler metal is typically recommended?
Answer: 309 or 309L stainless steel filler
AWS 309/309L filler is designed for dissimilar metal welds between carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel.