ATDH Organic Chemistry Fundamentals 2

Question 1

Which type of reaction joins amino acids together to form proteins?

Accepted Answer

Condensation (peptide bond formation)

Answer

Condensation (dehydration synthesis) links amino acids via peptide bonds, releasing a water molecule for each bond formed.

Question 2

A disaccharide is a carbohydrate composed of how many monosaccharide units?

Accepted Answer

Two

Answer

A disaccharide consists of exactly two monosaccharide units joined by a glycosidic bond; sucrose and lactose are common examples.

Question 3

What chemical transformation converts a primary alcohol into an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Oxidation of a primary alcohol removes two hydrogen atoms, raising the oxidation state of the carbon and producing an aldehyde.

Question 4

What structural feature distinguishes unsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Presence of one or more C=C double bonds

Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (C=C) in their hydrocarbon chains, while saturated fatty acids have only single bonds.

Question 5

Which three components make up a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, pentose sugar, and nitrogenous base

Answer

A nucleotide is composed of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base — the monomeric building blocks of DNA and RNA.

ATDH - Admission Test for Dental Hygiene Practice Test

ATDH - Admission Test for Dental Hygiene Practice Test

ATDH Organic Chemistry Fundamentals 2