ATDH Anatomy and Physiology Fundamentals 2

Question 1

The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in which chamber of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium

Answer

The SA node, the heart's natural pacemaker, is located in the wall of the right atrium near the superior vena cava.

Question 2

Gas exchange between the blood and body tissues is called:

Accepted Answer

Internal respiration

Answer

Internal (tissue) respiration is the exchange of O₂ and CO₂ between capillary blood and surrounding body cells.

Question 3

Which hormone is secreted by the pancreatic beta cells to lower blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Insulin, released by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, promotes glucose uptake by cells, lowering blood glucose.

Question 4

The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration and urine formation is the:

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Answer

The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and tubules.

Question 5

Which type of joint allows the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joints (e.g., hip and shoulder) permit movement in all planes, providing the greatest range of motion.

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