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Critical Thinking Flashcards

6 cards from real ASET practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Critical Thinking flashcards as text

  1. A student claims: 'All top students study at least 4 hours daily; Maria studies 4 hours daily, so Maria must be a top student.' What logical error is present?

    Answer: Affirming the consequent

    Affirming the consequent incorrectly concludes that because a result is true, the cause must also be true.

  2. Which of the following best strengthens the argument that daily reading improves academic performance?

    Answer: Students who read daily score higher on standardized tests than those who do not

    Direct evidence showing a correlation between daily reading and higher test scores strengthens the argument most effectively.

  3. If the statement 'No passing students failed the essay' is true, which conclusion is valid?

    Answer: Students who failed the essay did not pass

    If no passing student failed the essay, then by contrapositive, anyone who failed the essay did not pass.

  4. Which of the following is an example of a hasty generalization?

    Answer: Two classmates cheated, so all students in the school cheat

    Concluding that all students cheat based on only two cases is a hasty generalization from insufficient evidence.

  5. An argument's conclusion is supported by premises that assume the conclusion is already true. This is called:

    Answer: Circular reasoning

    Circular reasoning (begging the question) occurs when the conclusion is used as a premise to support itself.

  6. Which question best evaluates the reliability of a source used in an academic argument?

    Answer: Is the author an expert in the relevant field?

    Author expertise is a primary indicator of source reliability in academic contexts.

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