ASCP Clinical Microscopy

Question 1

In a urinalysis, what does a positive reagent strip (dipstick) result for leukocyte esterase indicate?

Accepted Answer

The presence of white blood cells (neutrophils) or their breakdown products

Answer

Intact red blood cells in urine

Answer

Glucose in the urine

Answer

Bacterial protein in the urine

Question 2

Which urinary casts are characteristic of acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

Accepted Answer

Granular (muddy brown) casts

Answer

Hyaline casts

Answer

Red blood cell casts

Answer

Waxy casts

Question 3

Which stain is used to identify fat/lipid in urine sediment?

Accepted Answer

Oil Red O or Sudan III stain

Answer

Gram stain

Answer

Wright-Giemsa stain

Answer

Prussian blue

Question 4

A WBC cast in urine sediment is most indicative of:

Accepted Answer

Pyelonephritis or acute interstitial nephritis

Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis

Answer

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer

Prerenal azotemia

Question 5

Spermatozoa seen on a urine microscopy report in a female patient most likely indicates:

Accepted Answer

Specimen contamination from recent sexual intercourse or vesico-vaginal communication

Answer

Urinary tract infection by unusual organisms

Answer

Renal tubular injury

Answer

Glomerular disease

Question 6

A patient's CSF appears xanthochromic (yellow). What does this finding most commonly indicate?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that occurred hours to days before the procedure

Answer

Traumatic tap during lumbar puncture

Answer

Normal variant in elderly patients

Answer

Bacterial meningitis