ART ART Anatomy & Biomechanics 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What term describes movement of a limb toward the body's midline?
- Abduction
- Adduction (Correct answer)
- Flexion
- Extension
Correct answer: Adduction
Adduction is movement of a body segment toward the midline of the body.
Question 2: During normal gait, when does maximum hip extension occur?
- At initial contact
- During loading response
- At terminal stance (Correct answer)
- During swing phase
Correct answer: At terminal stance
Maximum hip extension occurs at terminal stance as the body moves forward over the stance limb.
Question 3: Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves?
- Sagittal plane
- Frontal plane (Correct answer)
- Transverse plane
- Oblique plane
Correct answer: Frontal plane
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Question 4: What is the primary biomechanical role of the thoracolumbar fascia?
- Arterial supply to paraspinal muscles
- Force transmission between upper and lower extremities (Correct answer)
- Lymphatic filtration in the lumbar region
- Synovial fluid production for lumbar facets
Correct answer: Force transmission between upper and lower extremities
The thoracolumbar fascia transmits forces between the upper and lower extremities, supporting spinal stability.
Question 5: Which muscle is the primary stabilizer for patellar tracking at the knee?
- Biceps femoris
- Vastus medialis oblique (Correct answer)
- Gastrocnemius
- Sartorius
Correct answer: Vastus medialis oblique
The vastus medialis oblique (VMO) provides medial pull on the patella and is critical for patellar tracking.
Question 6: Foot pronation at the subtalar joint primarily involves which combined motion?
- Inversion and supination
- Eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion (Correct answer)
- Plantarflexion and inversion
- Adduction and supination
Correct answer: Eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion
Pronation combines eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion at the subtalar and midtarsal joints.
ART ART Anatomy & Biomechanics 2
What term describes movement of a limb toward the body's midline?