Head and Neck Procedures Flashcards

Which projection of the skull best demonstrates the petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbits?

Answer: PA Caldwell (15°)

The PA Caldwell projection with 15° caudal angulation projects the petrous ridges into the lower third of the orbits.

For a parietoacanthial (Waters) projection, the OML forms what angle with the image receptor?

Answer: 37°

In the Waters projection, the OML is angled 37° from the plane of the image receptor to project the petrous ridges below the maxillary sinuses.

The SMV (submentovertex) projection is primarily used to demonstrate which structures?

Answer: Zygomatic arches and base of skull

The SMV projection demonstrates the zygomatic arches, base of skull, sphenoid sinuses, and mandibular condyles.

On a lateral cervical spine radiograph, which landmark is used to ensure the image includes C7?

Answer: Visualization of the C7-T1 interspace

The C7-T1 interspace must be visualized on a lateral cervical spine image to ensure complete coverage of all cervical vertebrae.

Which sinus is best demonstrated on the PA Caldwell projection?

Answer: Frontal sinus

The PA Caldwell projection with 15° caudal tilt best demonstrates the frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoid air cells.

For an AP axial (Towne) projection of the skull, the central ray is directed at what angle caudally when using the OML?

Answer: 30°

For the Towne projection using the OML, the central ray is angled 30° caudally to demonstrate the occipital bone and dorsum sellae.

A radiograph of the nasal bones is taken in which standard projection?

Answer: Lateral

Nasal bones are routinely imaged in the lateral projection to demonstrate fractures of the nasal bones in profile.