New Testament Teachings Flashcards

The Pauline concept of 'justification by faith' means:

Answer: Right standing before God is received through faith in Christ, not earned by works of the law

Paul teaches in Romans and Galatians that sinners are declared righteous before God through trust in Christ's atoning work, not through Torah observance or human merit.

The Gospel of John uniquely describes Jesus as the 'logos' (Word) in its prologue. In Greek philosophy, logos referred to:

Answer: The divine reason or principle ordering the universe

Logos in Greek philosophy (especially Stoicism) meant the rational principle or divine reason ordering the cosmos; John adapts this concept to identify Jesus as the personal divine Word made flesh.

The Book of Revelation addresses seven letters to seven churches located in:

Answer: Asia Minor (modern Turkey)

Revelation 2-3 contains letters to seven churches in Asia Minor: Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea.

In the New Testament, 'parousia' refers to:

Answer: The Second Coming of Christ

Parousia (Greek: 'presence' or 'arrival') is the technical New Testament term for Christ's Second Coming at the end of the age.

The synoptic problem refers to the scholarly question of:

Answer: The literary relationship between Matthew, Mark, and Luke

The synoptic problem asks how to explain the extensive agreements and disagreements among Matthew, Mark, and Luke, whose similar structure and wording suggest literary interdependence.

Paul's famous 'love chapter' (1 Corinthians 13) was written in what context?

Answer: A dispute about spiritual gifts in the Corinthian church

1 Corinthians 13 was written to address a Corinthian over-emphasis on spectacular spiritual gifts (tongues, prophecy), arguing that love (agape) is the 'more excellent way' surpassing all gifts.