ARDMS SPI Hemodynamics and Vascular Flow Principles 1

Question 1

Laminar flow in a vessel is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Concentric layers of blood moving at different velocities with fastest flow centrally

Answer

Random, chaotic movement of blood cells in all directions

Answer

Uniform velocity across the entire vessel lumen

Answer

Retrograde flow near the vessel walls

Question 2

Turbulent flow on a spectral Doppler waveform appears as:

Accepted Answer

Spectral broadening with filling in of the spectral window

Answer

A narrow, well-defined spectral envelope

Answer

Increased pulsatility with sharp systolic peaks

Answer

Absence of diastolic flow

Question 3

According to the Bernoulli principle, as blood flows through a stenosis, what happens to velocity and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Velocity increases, pressure decreases

Answer

Velocity decreases, pressure increases

Answer

Both velocity and pressure increase

Answer

Both velocity and pressure decrease

Question 4

The resistivity index (RI) is calculated as:

Accepted Answer

(PSV − EDV) / PSV

Answer

(PSV + EDV) / 2

Answer

PSV / EDV

Answer

(PSV − EDV) / EDV

Question 5

A high-resistance Doppler waveform pattern is typically found in which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery at rest

Answer

Internal carotid artery (ICA) at rest

Answer

Hepatic vein

Answer

Renal artery

Question 6

What hemodynamic effect does a vessel with increased compliance (elasticity) have on the Doppler waveform?

Accepted Answer

Dampened pulsatility and smoother waveform

Answer

Higher peak systolic velocity

Answer

Increased resistivity index

Answer

Sharper systolic upstroke