APMLE Dermatology and Nail Disorders

Question 1

Which dermatophyte species is most commonly responsible for tinea pedis (athlete's foot)?

Accepted Answer

Trichophyton rubrum

Answer

Candida albicans

Answer

Microsporum canis

Answer

Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 2

A patient presents with a thickened, yellowed, and brittle toenail that separates from the nail bed. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Onychomycosis

Answer

Psoriatic onychodystrophy

Answer

Onychogryphosis

Answer

Paronychia

Question 3

What is the first-line systemic antifungal treatment for onychomycosis of the toenails?

Accepted Answer

Terbinafine 250 mg daily for 12 weeks

Answer

Fluconazole 150 mg weekly for 12 weeks

Answer

Itraconazole 200 mg daily for 6 weeks

Answer

Griseofulvin 500 mg daily for 6 months

Question 4

A patient with psoriasis presents with nail pitting, oil-drop discoloration, and onycholysis. Which nail finding is considered pathognomonic for psoriatic nail disease?

Accepted Answer

Nail pitting

Answer

Onycholysis

Answer

Subungual hyperkeratosis

Answer

Beau's lines

Question 5

Which of the following describes onychogryphosis?

Accepted Answer

Extreme hypertrophy and curvature of the nail resembling a ram's horn

Answer

Inward lateral curvature of the nail plate

Answer

Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed

Answer

Inflammation of the periungual tissue

Question 6

A plantar verruca (plantar wart) is caused by which pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer

Molluscum contagiosum virus

Answer

Herpes simplex virus type 1

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 7

When treating an ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) with partial nail avulsion, which procedure permanently destroys the lateral nail matrix to prevent recurrence?

Accepted Answer

Chemical matrixectomy with phenol

Answer

Wedge resection

Answer

Zadik procedure

Answer

Winograd procedure