AP Practice Test: Video 4 Answers (25 Questions) Flashcards

What is the term for a contrast between expectation and reality?

Answer: Irony

Irony is a contrast between what is expected and what actually occurs.

When a poetic line continues onto the next without a pause, this is called:

Answer: Enjambment

Enjambment carries a sentence across a line break without pause.

What literary device gives human qualities to non-human things?

Answer: Personification

Personification attributes human traits to non-human entities.

A 14-line poem written in iambic pentameter is most likely a:

Answer: Sonnet

A sonnet is a 14-line poem traditionally in iambic pentameter.

Clues an author plants to hint at future events are an example of:

Answer: Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing gives advance hints about what will happen later.

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) gave President Johnson the authority to do what?

Answer: Use military force in Vietnam without a declaration of war

The resolution authorized broad military action in Vietnam without a formal war declaration.

The fall of Saigon in 1975 resulted in what?

Answer: The reunification of Vietnam under communist control

Saigon's capture ended the war and united Vietnam under communist rule.

The Watergate scandal ultimately led to what in 1974?

Answer: Nixon's resignation from the presidency

Facing certain impeachment, Nixon resigned in August 1974, the first president to do so.

Medicare, established in 1965, primarily provides health coverage for whom?

Answer: Americans aged 65 and older

Medicare provides federal health insurance for people 65 and older.

Détente during the Nixon era referred to what?

Answer: An easing of tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union

Détente was a relaxation of Cold War tensions, including arms-control agreements like SALT.

A discharge petition in the House of Representatives is used to:

Answer: Force a bill out of committee to the floor for a vote

A discharge petition forces a stalled bill out of committee onto the floor.

Which constitutional amendment lowered the national voting age to 18?

Answer: Twenty-sixth Amendment

The Twenty-sixth Amendment set the voting age at 18 in 1971.

Which entity is responsible for certifying the official results of the Electoral College vote?

Answer: Congress in a joint session

Congress counts and certifies electoral votes in a joint session.

The process by which the Bill of Rights has been applied to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment is called:

Answer: Selective incorporation

Selective incorporation applies Bill of Rights protections to states case by case.

The 'necessary and proper' clause is also commonly known as the:

Answer: Elastic Clause

The Necessary and Proper Clause is nicknamed the Elastic Clause for its flexibility.

Faraday's constant (about 96,485 C/mol) represents the charge of:

Answer: One mole of electrons

Faraday's constant is the total charge carried by one mole of electrons.

In an electrolytic cell, the source of energy driving the nonspontaneous reaction is:

Answer: An external power supply

Electrolytic cells require an external power source to drive nonspontaneous reactions.

In the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (brine), why is hydrogen often produced instead of sodium at the cathode?

Answer: Water is more easily reduced than Na⁺

Water has a more favorable reduction potential than Na⁺, so H₂ is produced preferentially.

How does the sign of the anode differ between galvanic and electrolytic cells?

Answer: Negative in galvanic, positive in electrolytic

The anode is negative in a galvanic cell but positive in an electrolytic cell.

If 2.0 mol of electrons pass through a cell depositing a +2 metal, how many moles of metal are deposited?

Answer: 1.0 mol

Each metal ion requires 2 electrons, so 2.0 mol electrons deposit 1.0 mol of metal.