AOC Amblyopia Management and Treatment 2

Question 1

Eccentric fixation in amblyopia is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The amblyopic eye habitually fixating with a retinal locus other than the fovea

Answer

Eccentric fixation occurs when the amblyopic eye consistently uses a non-foveal retinal point for fixation, indicating that the fovea has been suppressed and a parafoveal preferred retinal locus has developed.

Question 2

How does atropine penalization of the fellow eye treat amblyopia in a hyperopic child?

Accepted Answer

It paralyzes accommodation in the fellow eye, blurring near vision and forcing use of the amblyopic eye

Answer

Atropine instilled in the better-seeing eye inhibits accommodation, blurring near vision in that eye and compelling the child to rely on the amblyopic eye for near visual tasks, thereby stimulating its development.

Question 3

Why is deprivation amblyopia generally considered the most severe form?

Accepted Answer

Complete visual deprivation during the sensitive period eliminates patterned input, causing profound vision loss

Answer

Deprivation amblyopia results from complete blockage of patterned visual stimulation during the critical period (e.g., congenital cataract), leaving the visual cortex without the input needed for normal development and producing the most severe acuity loss.

Question 4

According to PEDIG classification, which best-corrected visual acuity range defines moderate amblyopia?

Accepted Answer

20/50 to 20/80

Answer

The Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group classifies amblyopia severity as mild (20/25–20/40), moderate (20/50–20/80), and severe (20/100 or worse) based on best-corrected visual acuity in the amblyopic eye.

Question 5

PEDIG studies on patching for moderate amblyopia (approximately 20/80) found that prescribing how many hours of daily patching produced outcomes comparable to full-time occlusion?

Accepted Answer

6 hours per day

Answer

PEDIG randomized trials demonstrated that 6 hours of daily patching achieved visual acuity outcomes similar to full-time patching for moderate amblyopia while offering better compliance and fewer psychosocial challenges.

(AOC) American Orthoptic Council Practice Test

(AOC) American Orthoptic Council Practice Test

AOC Amblyopia Management and Treatment 2