General Pathology Principles Flashcards

Virchow's triad describing predisposition to thrombosis includes endothelial injury, abnormal blood flow, and:

Answer: Hypercoagulability

Virchow's triad comprises endothelial injury, stasis or turbulence, and hypercoagulability.

A red (hemorrhagic) infarct is most likely to occur in an organ with:

Answer: Dual blood supply such as the lung

Red infarcts occur in organs with dual circulation or collateral flow, like the lung, allowing blood to re-enter necrotic tissue.

The most common source of a pulmonary embolus is a thrombus in the:

Answer: Deep veins of the lower extremities

Most pulmonary emboli arise from deep vein thrombosis in the legs.

Transudate differs from exudate in that a transudate has:

Answer: Low protein content and low specific gravity

A transudate is protein-poor with low specific gravity, resulting from hydrostatic or oncotic imbalance rather than inflammation.

Which type of shock results from a massive systemic vasodilation due to sepsis?

Answer: Distributive (septic) shock

Septic shock is a form of distributive shock caused by widespread vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.

An organized thrombus that becomes recanalized indicates:

Answer: New vascular channels forming through the thrombus

Recanalization is the formation of new endothelial-lined channels through an organizing thrombus, partially restoring flow.

Passive hyperemia (congestion) of the liver in right heart failure classically produces a:

Answer: Nutmeg liver appearance

Chronic hepatic congestion produces a mottled 'nutmeg liver' from centrilobular congestion and periportal fatty change.