ABO Study Guide 2026

Everything you need to pass the ABO exam in one place: the exam format, every topic to study, real practice questions with explanations, flashcards, and full-length practice tests. Free, no sign-up needed.

📋 ABO Exam Format at a Glance

240
Questions
300 min
Time Limit
75%
Passing Score

📚 ABO Topics to Study (38)

✍️ Sample ABO Questions & Answers

1. Root resorption during orthodontic treatment is most commonly detected using:
Periapical radiographs or CBCT

Periapical radiographs reveal root length changes due to resorption, and CBCT provides three-dimensional detail of root morphology and resorption extent.

2. Which of the following is a primary indication for extraction in orthodontic treatment planning?
Severe arch length deficiency with bimaxillary protrusion

Severe crowding combined with dental protrusion often requires extraction to relieve the discrepancy.

3. The cephalometric landmark Articulare (Ar) is located at the intersection of which anatomical structures?
Posterior border of the mandibular ramus and the inferior surface of the cranial base

Articulare is defined as the intersection of the posterior border of the mandibular ramus (or condylar neck) with the inferior border of the cranial base, used when the condyle is not well visualized.

4. Which record is essential for evaluating the transverse dimension and posterior crossbite?
Frontal (PA) cephalogram or study models

A posteroanterior cephalogram and study models assess transverse width and posterior crossbites.

5. Frictionless (loop) mechanics differ from sliding mechanics because they:
Use closing loops to deliver force without sliding along the wire

Loop mechanics activate bends/loops to move teeth without the tooth sliding along the archwire, avoiding friction.

6. Placing a reverse curve of Spee in the lower archwire is intended to:
Level the curve of Spee by extruding premolars and intruding incisors/molars

A reverse curve of Spee creates intrusive forces on the anteriors and molars while extruding the premolars to level a deep curve of Spee.

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Your ABO Study Path
1. Learn with Flashcards → 2. Drill Practice Tests → 3. Take the Full Exam Simulation