ABD Hair and Nail Disorders Flashcards
6 cards from real ABD practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 ABD Hair and Nail Disorders flashcards as text
What is the gold standard oral treatment for toenail onychomycosis in the United States?
Answer: Terbinafine 250mg daily for 12 weeks
Oral terbinafine 250mg daily for 12 weeks is the gold standard for toenail onychomycosis, achieving the highest mycologic cure rates among all antifungal regimens.
Koilonychia (spoon-shaped nails) is most commonly associated with which systemic condition?
Answer: Iron deficiency anemia
Koilonychia is classically associated with iron deficiency anemia, the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, though it also occurs with hemochromatosis.
Pili torti is characterized by which structural hair shaft abnormality?
Answer: 180-degree twisting of the hair shaft at irregular intervals
Pili torti features 180-degree twisting of the hair shaft at irregular intervals, causing alternating light and dark bands when examined under polarized light.
Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (Hoffman disease) belongs to which disease group?
Answer: Follicular occlusion tetrad (with hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata, pilonidal cyst)
Dissecting cellulitis is part of the follicular occlusion tetrad alongside hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata, and pilonidal sinus.
Pachyonychia congenita type 1 (Jadassohn-Lewandowsky syndrome) is caused by mutations in which keratins?
Answer: KRT6A or KRT16
PC type 1 is caused by mutations in KRT6A or KRT16, presenting with wedge-shaped thickened nails, palmoplantar keratoderma, and oral leukokeratosis.
Beau's lines (transverse nail depressions) result from temporary arrest of which structure?
Answer: Nail matrix proliferation
Beau's lines form when the nail matrix temporarily slows or stops proliferation due to systemic illness, producing a transverse groove that grows distally over time.