Respiratory Medicine Flashcards
7 cards from real AMC MCQ practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Respiratory Medicine flashcards as text
A 60-year-old smoker presents with weight loss, haemoptysis and a hilar mass on chest X-ray. What is the most important next investigation?
Answer: CT chest and bronchoscopy with biopsy
A suspected lung malignancy requires CT staging and bronchoscopy with biopsy for tissue diagnosis.
Which paraneoplastic syndrome is most associated with small cell lung carcinoma causing hyponatraemia?
Answer: SIADH
Small cell lung cancer commonly causes SIADH, leading to hyponatraemia.
Hypercalcaemia due to PTHrP secretion is most classically associated with which lung cancer type?
Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell lung carcinoma is the type most associated with PTHrP-mediated hypercalcaemia.
A pleural effusion is aspirated; analysis shows a pleural-to-serum protein ratio greater than 0.5. According to Light's criteria, this indicates which type of effusion?
Answer: Exudate
A pleural-to-serum protein ratio above 0.5 meets Light's criteria for an exudate.
Which condition most typically causes a transudative pleural effusion?
Answer: Congestive cardiac failure
Congestive cardiac failure raises hydrostatic pressure and produces a low-protein transudative effusion.
A migrant patient presents with chronic cough, night sweats, weight loss and an upper lobe cavitating lesion. What is the most appropriate initial investigation?
Answer: Sputum for acid-fast bacilli and culture
The presentation suggests pulmonary tuberculosis, best confirmed with sputum smear and culture for acid-fast bacilli.
What is the standard initial intensive-phase regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis?
Answer: Rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol
Standard TB treatment begins with rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for the intensive phase.