Practice Test GeeksAMC MCQ Practice Test
← All AMC MCQ Flashcard Decks

Renal and Endocrine Disorders Flashcards

7 cards from real AMC MCQ practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Renal and Endocrine Disorders flashcards as text

  1. A 28-year-old woman with palpitations, weight loss, tremor and a diffuse goitre has a suppressed TSH, raised free T4 and positive TSH-receptor antibodies. What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: Graves disease

    A diffuse goitre with TSH-receptor antibodies and thyrotoxicosis defines Graves disease.

  2. A 60-year-old man with recurrent renal colic passes stones that are radiolucent on plain X-ray. His urine is persistently acidic. What is the most likely stone composition?

    Answer: Uric acid

    Uric acid stones are radiolucent and form in persistently acidic urine.

  3. A 35-year-old man has hypertension, episodic headaches, sweating and palpitations with elevated plasma metanephrines. What tumour is responsible?

    Answer: Phaeochromocytoma

    Paroxysmal hypertension with raised metanephrines indicates a catecholamine-secreting phaeochromocytoma.

  4. A 55-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term NSAIDs develops a rising creatinine, sterile pyuria, eosinophiluria and a rash. What is the most likely renal diagnosis?

    Answer: Acute interstitial nephritis

    Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis classically presents with rash, eosinophiluria and rising creatinine.

  5. A 62-year-old man with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is overweight with no contraindications. What is the recommended first-line oral pharmacological agent?

    Answer: Metformin

    Metformin is first-line therapy due to its efficacy, weight neutrality and cardiovascular benefit.

  6. A 40-year-old woman has amenorrhoea, galactorrhoea and headaches. Her prolactin is markedly elevated and MRI shows a pituitary macroadenoma. What is the first-line treatment?

    Answer: Dopamine agonist (e.g. cabergoline)

    Prolactinomas, even macroadenomas, are usually managed medically with dopamine agonists that shrink the tumour.

  7. A patient with CKD has a corrected calcium of 1.9 mmol/L, phosphate of 2.4 mmol/L and a markedly raised PTH. What is the underlying mechanism?

    Answer: Secondary hyperparathyroidism from low calcitriol and phosphate retention

    Reduced renal calcitriol synthesis and phosphate retention drive compensatory secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD.