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Gastroenterology and Surgery Flashcards

7 cards from real AMC MCQ practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A patient develops haematemesis with melaena and known cirrhosis. What is the most likely source?

    Answer: Bleeding oesophageal varices

    Portal hypertension from cirrhosis causes oesophageal varices, a common cause of major upper GI bleeding.

  2. Which drug is given to reduce splanchnic blood flow in acute variceal bleeding?

    Answer: Terlipressin

    Terlipressin causes splanchnic vasoconstriction, reducing portal pressure and variceal bleeding.

  3. A patient has epigastric pain relieved by eating and worse at night. Which ulcer is most likely?

    Answer: Duodenal ulcer

    Duodenal ulcer pain classically improves with food and recurs hours later or at night.

  4. Which condition presents with dysphagia to both solids and liquids and a 'bird-beak' appearance on barium swallow?

    Answer: Achalasia

    Achalasia causes failure of LOS relaxation with the classic bird-beak tapering on barium.

  5. A patient with gallstones develops fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain (Charcot's triad). What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: Ascending cholangitis

    Charcot's triad of fever, jaundice, and RUQ pain indicates ascending cholangitis from biliary obstruction and infection.

  6. Which is the definitive treatment for acute appendicitis?

    Answer: Appendicectomy

    Surgical appendicectomy, usually laparoscopic, is the definitive treatment for acute appendicitis.

  7. An elderly patient presents with left iliac fossa pain, fever, and altered bowel habit. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Acute diverticulitis

    Sigmoid diverticulitis typically causes left iliac fossa pain with fever in older patients.