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Cardiovascular Medicine Flashcards

7 cards from real AMC MCQ practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Cardiovascular Medicine flashcards as text

  1. A 70-year-old man presents with an irregularly irregular pulse and palpitations. ECG shows absent P waves and irregular R-R intervals. What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: Atrial fibrillation

    Absent P waves with irregularly irregular rhythm is characteristic of atrial fibrillation.

  2. Which scoring system is used to assess stroke risk and guide anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation?

    Answer: CHA2DS2-VASc

    The CHA2DS2-VASc score estimates annual stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

  3. A haemodynamically unstable patient with atrial fibrillation and hypotension requires which immediate treatment?

    Answer: Synchronised DC cardioversion

    Haemodynamic instability in AF mandates urgent synchronised electrical cardioversion.

  4. Which arrhythmia produces a regular narrow-complex tachycardia that terminates abruptly with intravenous adenosine?

    Answer: AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia

    AVNRT is a re-entrant SVT that is interrupted by adenosine-induced AV nodal block.

  5. A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has an INR of 8 with no bleeding. What is the most appropriate management?

    Answer: Withhold warfarin and consider oral vitamin K

    An elevated INR without bleeding is managed by withholding warfarin and giving low-dose vitamin K if markedly high.

  6. Which ECG feature is diagnostic of complete (third-degree) heart block?

    Answer: AV dissociation with independent atrial and ventricular rates

    Complete heart block shows atria and ventricles beating independently with no relationship between P waves and QRS complexes.

  7. A young patient collapses and the monitor shows a broad-complex regular tachycardia at 180 bpm with a pulse and stable blood pressure. What is the first-line pharmacological agent?

    Answer: Amiodarone

    Stable monomorphic ventricular tachycardia with a pulse is treated with intravenous amiodarone.