Safety & Risk Management Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)?

Answer: To identify potential job hazards and implement controls.

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a systematic process used to identify potential hazards associated with each step of a specific job or task. Once identified, the JHA then outlines the necessary control measures to eliminate or reduce these risks to an acceptable level. This proactive approach is crucial for preventing accidents and ensuring worker safety on construction sites.

Which document outlines procedures for safely working in high-risk situations?

Answer: Site-specific safety plan

A site-specific safety plan is a comprehensive document tailored to the unique hazards and conditions of a particular construction project. It outlines detailed procedures, protocols, and responsibilities for safely working in various situations, especially high-risk ones. This plan ensures that all personnel are aware of the specific safety requirements and measures to be followed on that job site.

What is the most effective method of controlling a hazard according to the hierarchy of controls?

Answer: Hazard elimination

According to the hierarchy of controls, hazard elimination is the most effective method for controlling hazards because it completely removes the hazard from the workplace. If a hazard cannot be eliminated, the next most effective methods are substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and finally, personal protective equipment (PPE). Eliminating the hazard prevents exposure entirely.

Why is it important to conduct regular safety audits on a construction site?

Answer: To identify and correct hazards.

Regular safety audits on a construction site are crucial for proactively identifying existing or potential hazards and ensuring compliance with safety regulations and company policies. By conducting these audits, management can promptly implement corrective actions, prevent accidents, and foster a safer working environment. This systematic review helps maintain a high standard of safety throughout the project.

Which type of control uses physical barriers to isolate workers from hazards?

Answer: Engineering controls

Engineering controls are methods that involve physically changing the work environment or process to reduce exposure to hazards. This includes using physical barriers, ventilation systems, machine guarding, or redesigning equipment to isolate workers from dangerous conditions. They are considered highly effective because they eliminate or reduce the hazard at the source, rather than relying on worker behavior.

What action should be taken immediately if a worker is injured on-site?

Answer: Provide medical attention and report the incident.

The immediate priority after a worker is injured on-site is to provide prompt medical attention to the injured individual to ensure their well-being. Following this, the incident must be thoroughly reported according to company policy and regulatory requirements (e.g., OSHA). This ensures proper care, investigation, and measures to prevent recurrence.

Which of the following is an example of personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Answer: Steel-toe boots

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) refers to clothing or equipment designed to protect workers from hazards. Steel-toe boots protect feet from falling objects and compression. Guardrails and warning signs are engineering and administrative controls, respectively, while an emergency action plan is a procedural document.

What is the first step in risk management for a construction project?

Answer: Identify potential hazards

Risk management in construction begins with identifying potential hazards because you cannot mitigate or control risks until you know what they are. This foundational step involves thoroughly assessing the construction site and project plan for any conditions or activities that could lead to harm or loss. Once hazards are identified, subsequent steps like risk assessment, control, and monitoring can be effectively implemented.

Which of the following is an example of an administrative control for site safety?

Answer: Developing a safety training program

Administrative controls are methods that reduce exposure to hazards by changing the way people work, often through policies, procedures, and training. Developing a safety training program is a prime example, as it educates workers on safe practices and site-specific hazards. This contrasts with engineering controls (like scaffolding or guardrails) which physically remove or reduce the hazard, or personal protective equipment (PPE) which protects the individual.