Addiction Medicine Certification Infection Control & Prevention 3

Question 1

Which route of HIV transmission carries the HIGHEST per-act risk?

Accepted Answer

Sharing injection equipment

Answer

Sharing injection equipment (particularly syringes) carries the highest per-act HIV transmission risk, estimated at approximately 63 per 10,000 exposures.

Question 2

Necrotizing fasciitis in a patient who injects drugs is most commonly caused by which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

Polymicrobial infection with aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

Answer

Necrotizing fasciitis in people who inject drugs is typically polymicrobial, involving a mix of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that produce synergistic tissue destruction.

Question 3

A patient with alcohol use disorder asks about infection risk. Which organism is most associated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Answer

Escherichia coli and other gram-negative enteric bacteria, particularly E. coli, are the most common causative organisms of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV?

Accepted Answer

Daily antiretroviral medication taken by HIV-negative individuals to prevent infection

Answer

PrEP consists of daily antiretroviral medications (e.g., tenofovir/emtricitabine) taken by HIV-negative individuals to significantly reduce their risk of acquiring HIV.

Question 5

Which tuberculosis test is preferred for immunocompromised patients, including those with HIV, due to superior sensitivity?

Accepted Answer

Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)

Answer

IGRAs (e.g., QuantiFERON-TB Gold) are preferred in immunocompromised individuals because they are less affected by anergy and do not require a return visit.

Addiction Medicine Certification Practice Test

Addiction Medicine Certification Practice Test

Addiction Medicine Certification Infection Control & Prevention 3