ADAP Pharmacology 5

Question 1

Which condition is a contraindication to the use of vasoconstrictors like epinephrine in local anesthetics?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism

Answer

Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism increases sensitivity to epinephrine and can lead to severe cardiovascular reactions, making it a contraindication.

Question 2

Which antifungal medication is commonly prescribed for oral candidiasis (thrush) in dental patients?

Accepted Answer

Nystatin

Answer

Nystatin is an antifungal agent that disrupts fungal cell membranes and is a first-line treatment for oral candidiasis.

Question 3

A patient taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) should NOT receive which drug combination in dentistry?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstrictors with indirect sympathomimetic activity

Answer

MAOIs inhibit breakdown of sympathomimetic amines; indirect-acting vasoconstrictors can trigger a dangerous hypertensive crisis in these patients.

Question 4

Which route of drug administration bypasses first-pass metabolism in the liver?

Accepted Answer

All of the above except oral

Answer

Oral drugs undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism; sublingual and rectal routes absorb drugs directly into systemic circulation, bypassing the liver.

Question 5

Tetracycline antibiotics are generally avoided in children under 8 years of age because they can cause:

Accepted Answer

Permanent tooth discoloration

Answer

Tetracyclines bind to calcium in developing teeth, causing permanent intrinsic staining ranging from yellow to gray-brown.

(ADAP) Alternative Dental Assisting Program Practice Test