Achievement Test Standardized Achievement Science 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer that protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation?
- Troposphere
- Stratosphere (Correct answer)
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere
Correct answer: Stratosphere
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere, roughly 15–35 km above Earth's surface.
Question 2: A student measures the mass of a rock as 50 g and its volume as 25 cm³. What is its density?
- 2 g/cm³ (Correct answer)
- 0.5 g/cm³
- 1,250 g/cm³
- 25 g/cm³
Correct answer: 2 g/cm³
Density = mass ÷ volume = 50 g ÷ 25 cm³ = 2 g/cm³.
Question 3: Which type of rock is formed when molten magma cools and solidifies?
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Igneous (Correct answer)
- Fossiliferous
Correct answer: Igneous
Igneous rocks form from the cooling and crystallization of magma or lava.
Question 4: What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
- Convert sunlight to energy
- Break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil (Correct answer)
- Produce oxygen through photosynthesis
- Consume primary producers
Correct answer: Break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil
Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the environment.
Question 5: Which organelle is responsible for producing energy (ATP) in a cell?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Vacuole
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration to produce ATP, the cell's main energy currency.
Question 6: A ball is dropped from rest. Which force causes it to accelerate downward?
- Friction
- Magnetism
- Gravity (Correct answer)
- Normal force
Correct answer: Gravity
Gravity pulls the ball toward Earth's center, causing downward acceleration of approximately 9.8 m/s².
Question 7: What does a plant use during photosynthesis to produce glucose?
- Oxygen and nitrogen
- Carbon dioxide and water (Correct answer)
- Glucose and oxygen
- Nitrogen and phosphorus
Correct answer: Carbon dioxide and water
Photosynthesis combines CO₂ and H₂O using light energy to produce glucose and oxygen.
Achievement Test Standardized Achievement Science 2
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer that protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation?