ACBN ACBN Nutrition Science Fundamentals 2

Question 1

Essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them. How many essential amino acids are there for adults?

Accepted Answer

9

Answer

There are 9 essential amino acids for adults: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.

Question 2

Which type of dietary fiber is fermented by gut bacteria, producing short-chain fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Soluble fiber

Answer

Soluble fiber (e.g., pectin, inulin) is fermented by colonic microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids like butyrate, propionate, and acetate.

Question 3

The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly a food raises blood glucose compared to which reference food?

Accepted Answer

Pure glucose or white bread

Answer

GI is measured relative to pure glucose (GI=100) or white bread (GI=100) consumed in the same carbohydrate amount.

Question 4

Which omega-3 fatty acid is primarily found in fatty fish and is directly used by the body for anti-inflammatory processes?

Accepted Answer

EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Answer

EPA is a long-chain omega-3 found in fatty fish and is directly incorporated into cell membranes and serves as a precursor to anti-inflammatory eicosanoids.

Question 5

Iron absorption from non-heme sources is enhanced by consuming which nutrient simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) reduces ferric iron to the more absorbable ferrous form and forms a chelate that keeps iron soluble in the intestinal lumen.

ACBN - Nutritionist Exam Practice Test

ACBN - Nutritionist Exam Practice Test

ACBN ACBN Nutrition Science Fundamentals 2