ABPath General Pathology Principles 2

Question 1

Which type of necrosis is most characteristically associated with ischemic injury to the myocardium?

Accepted Answer

Coagulative necrosis

Answer

Liquefactive necrosis

Answer

Caseous necrosis

Answer

Fat necrosis

Question 2

Apoptosis differs from necrosis primarily in that apoptosis:

Accepted Answer

Is energy-dependent and does not incite inflammation

Answer

Triggers a strong inflammatory response

Answer

Involves cell swelling and membrane rupture

Answer

Only occurs in pathologic states

Question 3

Dystrophic calcification is best described as calcium deposition in:

Accepted Answer

Damaged or necrotic tissue with normal serum calcium

Answer

Normal tissue with hypercalcemia

Answer

Only vascular walls

Answer

Bone matrix during remodeling

Question 4

Which cellular adaptation refers to a decrease in cell size and number leading to reduced organ size?

Accepted Answer

Atrophy

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Metaplasia

Question 5

The reversible cellular change of hydropic swelling results primarily from:

Accepted Answer

Failure of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump

Answer

Increased lysosomal enzyme activity

Answer

Mitochondrial DNA mutation

Answer

Excess collagen deposition

Question 6

Free radical injury to cells is mediated most directly by:

Accepted Answer

Lipid peroxidation of membranes

Answer

Antioxidant enzymes

Answer

Increased ATP synthesis

Answer

Enhanced protein folding

Question 7

Metaplasia of respiratory columnar epithelium to squamous epithelium in chronic smokers is best characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A reversible adaptive change to chronic irritation

Answer

An irreversible malignant transformation

Answer

A form of dysplasia by definition

Answer

An example of atrophy