ABO Ocular Disease & Pathology 4

Question 1

In a patient with type 2 diabetes, which finding in the posterior pole requires immediate referral for vitreoretinal evaluation?

Accepted Answer

Tractional retinal detachment threatening the macula

Answer

Tractional retinal detachment threatening or involving the macula requires urgent vitreoretinal surgical consultation.

Question 2

Keratoconus most characteristically causes which type of astigmatism?

Accepted Answer

Irregular astigmatism

Answer

Keratoconus produces irregular corneal ectasia that cannot be corrected with spectacle lenses, requiring rigid contact lenses or surgery.

Question 3

Which pattern of visual field loss is most consistent with a lesion at the optic chiasm?

Accepted Answer

Bitemporal hemianopia

Answer

Chiasmal compression (often by a pituitary adenoma) damages crossing nasal fibers, producing bitemporal hemianopia.

Question 4

A 35-year-old Black American presents with bilateral hilar adenopathy, anterior uveitis with mutton-fat KP, and elevated serum ACE. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Sarcoidosis

Answer

Sarcoidosis classically presents with bilateral hilar adenopathy, elevated ACE, and granulomatous anterior uveitis with mutton-fat KP.

Question 5

Subretinal fluid that shifts with positioning and no retinal break characterizes which type of retinal detachment?

Accepted Answer

Exudative (serous)

Answer

Exudative retinal detachments have no break; subretinal fluid accumulates from underlying disease and gravitates with patient position.

ABO - American Board of Optometry Practice Test

ABO - American Board of Optometry Practice Test

ABO Ocular Disease & Pathology 4