ABO NOCE Basic Opticianry Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers 2

Question 1

Which layer of the cornea is responsible for maintaining corneal transparency through active fluid pumping?

Accepted Answer

Corneal endothelium

Answer

Bowman's layer

Answer

Corneal stroma

Answer

Epithelium

Question 2

The fovea centralis is important in opticianry because:

Accepted Answer

It provides the highest visual acuity and is the target for optical center placement

Answer

It detects peripheral motion and low-light vision

Answer

It contains the highest density of rod photoreceptors

Answer

It is the entry point of the optic nerve into the eye

Question 3

What is the function of the ciliary muscle in accommodation?

Accepted Answer

It contracts to release zonular tension, allowing the crystalline lens to become more convex

Answer

It relaxes to pull the crystalline lens flatter for near vision

Answer

It controls the size of the pupil

Answer

It produces aqueous humor

Question 4

The aqueous humor is produced by the:

Accepted Answer

Ciliary body (ciliary processes)

Answer

Corneal endothelium

Answer

Trabecular meshwork

Answer

Lacrimal gland

Question 5

Which cranial nerve controls most of the extraocular muscles responsible for eye movement?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve III (oculomotor)

Answer

Cranial nerve IV (trochlear)

Answer

Cranial nerve VI (abducens)

Answer

Cranial nerve VII (facial)

Question 6

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is measured with which instrument, and what is the normal range?

Accepted Answer

Tonometer; normal range is 10–21 mmHg

Answer

Lensometer; normal range is 10–21 mmHg

Answer

Keratometer; normal range is 8–15 mmHg

Answer

Biomicroscope; normal range is 15–25 mmHg