AA Philosophy and Critical Thinking

Question 1

Which type of argument moves from specific observations to a general conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning

Answer

Inductive reasoning draws broad generalizations from specific cases or observations.

Question 2

A deductive argument is considered valid when:

Accepted Answer

If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Answer

Validity in deductive logic means the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether the premises are actually true.

Question 3

Which philosopher is known for the Socratic method of questioning?

Accepted Answer

Socrates

Answer

Socrates developed the dialectical method of inquiry through questioning to stimulate critical thinking and expose contradictions.

Question 4

The philosophical position that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience is called:

Accepted Answer

Empiricism

Answer

Empiricism holds that knowledge is derived from sensory experience, as championed by philosophers like John Locke and David Hume.

Question 5

Which logical fallacy involves attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument itself?

Accepted Answer

Ad hominem

Answer

Ad hominem (Latin for 'to the person') is the fallacy of attacking the character or circumstances of the arguer instead of addressing their argument.

AA - Associate of Arts Practice Test