AA Philosophy and Critical Thinking 1

Question 1

Which type of argument moves from specific observations to a general conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning

Answer

Deductive reasoning

Answer

Abductive reasoning

Answer

Analogical reasoning

Question 2

A deductive argument is considered valid when:

Accepted Answer

If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Answer

Its premises are all true

Answer

Its conclusion is widely accepted

Answer

It contains no logical fallacies

Question 3

Which philosopher is known for the Socratic method of questioning?

Accepted Answer

Socrates

Answer

Aristotle

Answer

Plato

Answer

Descartes

Question 4

The philosophical position that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience is called:

Accepted Answer

Empiricism

Answer

Rationalism

Answer

Idealism

Answer

Pragmatism

Question 5

Which logical fallacy involves attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument itself?

Accepted Answer

Ad hominem

Answer

Straw man

Answer

False dichotomy

Answer

Slippery slope

Question 6

Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative asks us to:

Accepted Answer

Act only according to principles you could will to be universal laws

Answer

Act to maximize overall happiness

Answer

Follow the virtuous mean between extremes

Answer

Obey natural law as determined by reason

Question 7

A sound argument is one that is:

Accepted Answer

Valid and has all true premises

Answer

Persuasive and logically structured

Answer

Valid with at least one true premise

Answer

Based on empirical evidence only