A-Level Geography Flashcards

Which type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of ocean trenches?

Answer: Destructive boundary

Destructive (convergent) plate boundaries form ocean trenches where oceanic crust is subducted beneath another plate.

What is the term for the maximum amount of sediment a river can carry at any given time?

Answer: Capacity

Capacity refers to the total maximum load a river can transport, measured by the volume of material it can carry.

The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) describes which of the following?

Answer: How birth and death rates change as a country develops economically

The DTM shows how both birth rates and death rates decline as countries undergo economic and social development, moving through four or five stages.

Which process best describes the wearing away of a river's bed and banks by the material it carries?

Answer: Abrasion

Abrasion (corrasion) occurs when sediment and rock fragments carried by the river scrape and grind against the bed and banks, eroding them.

In the context of glaciation, what is a 'corrie' (also known as a cirque)?

Answer: A hollow on a mountainside carved out by rotational ice movement

A corrie is an armchair-shaped hollow carved into a mountainside by rotational movement of ice and associated freeze-thaw weathering.

What does the Gini Coefficient measure?

Answer: Income inequality within a population

The Gini Coefficient is a statistical measure of income or wealth inequality within a nation, ranging from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (maximum inequality).

Which of the following is an example of a push factor in migration?

Answer: Political persecution in the country of origin

Push factors are negative conditions at the origin that encourage people to leave, such as political persecution, conflict, or poverty.