FREE Master of Occupational Therapy General Questions and Answers
A five-month-old who was born at 34 weeks gestation and spent three weeks in the NICU is evaluated by an occupational therapist. The baby is positioned vertically under the shoulders of the therapist. When she tilts the baby to the front, side, and back, the baby holds his head upright. Which healthy reaction is the baby showing?
This baby exhibits a functional labyrinthine reflex (optical righting reflex). Between the time of birth and the second month of life, this reflex begins to develop. When prone tilting is assessed, the infant's spine curves to show that the test was successful. The term "protective extension" also refers to the forward parachute reaction. It happens when the baby is suddenly thrust forward, at which point they stretch their arms, necks, and hands. In a suspended prone position, the landau reflex is examined, and extensor tone is the outcome.
An 82-year-old man with dementia is being evaluated by an occupational therapist in home health care. Which of the following has to be evaluated the MOST in order for the therapist to offer the right suggestions for activity involvement in between therapy sessions?
The therapist will learn useful information from all of the aforementioned alternatives, but the occupational therapist (OT) must ascertain whether the dementia patient has a support system or caregiver. This knowledge will support recommendations for carryover safety and intervention.
Recently, a 44-year-old woman slipped on some ice and fractured her Colles. She now has complex regional pain syndrome in the damaged wrist and hand even though the fracture has healed. What intervention from the list below is NOT recommended?
A CRPS patient may have greater localized discomfort and edema after passive range of motion. The preferred range of motion is active. The other choices are reasonable measures that will lessen discomfort while preserving participation in everyday activities.
An occupational therapy examination is requested for a patient with a full T5 spinal cord damage. What about this client needs to be evaluated the most?
A person with a total T5 damage will be completely motorically independent from the chest up. As a result, they can easily swallow and push a wheelchair with their arms. Because bowel and bladder motor control are lost with a total T5 damage, answer B is wrong. Since this patient will have less control over their trunk muscles, it is crucial to evaluate their seated balance.
Samuel, a 30-year-old man, is being assessed after his multiple sclerosis symptoms worsened. A comprehensive occupational profile with a stronger emphasis on performance skills will be developed by the occupational therapist. Which of the following is a performance skill example?
Performance skills are activities that are social, motor, and procedural. Performance patterns include routines. Client considerations include values and muscular tone.
An individual who works in a call center is assessed by an occupational therapist who practices in an outpatient clinic. After repeatedly reaching for her desktop phone throughout the day, the patient complains of tingling and numbness in her right forearm and hand. Which test ought to be conducted by the occupational therapist?
Pronation and supination are necessary when using a desktop phone, which you do multiple times every day. Pronator teres syndrome should be suspected by the therapist, and to confirm it, a Tinel's sign should be performed at the forearm. Carpal tunnel syndrome is indicated by a positive Tinel's sign at the wrist, whereas cubital tunnel syndrome is indicated by a positive Tinel's sign at the elbow. An ulnar nerve palsy is indicated by a positive Froment's sign, often known as the paper pinch test.
Push-in OT treatments are being provided to a preschooler in their early education classroom. The kid starts screaming and runs around the classroom when the fire alarm goes off. Which tool could the therapist utilize at that time from a sensory perspective?
One method for making a child feel secure and at ease is to apply pressure. During this safety step, the therapist should assist the kid in leaving the room. Therefore, using a less stimulating area wouldn't be beneficial. The vestibular system is stimulated by spinning, which may exacerbate the child's dysregulation. A behavioral tactic is to provide a transitional item.
Before cooking a meal, a therapist chooses a physical agent modality for a patient with Raynaud's illness. What modality is not recommended?
Blood circulation is reduced in Raynaud's illness, notably in the hands. People with Raynaud's disease or other circulatory issues should not undergo cryotherapy. People with Raynaud's disease can employ the other modalities to get ready for activity participation.
A patient with an L1 spinal cord injury is being evaluated by a beginning occupational therapist in a rehab facility. The OT learns that the patient wants to resume sexual activity during the interview section of the exam. Which of the following interventions should a beginning occupational therapist perform?
All of the aforementioned are true. Sex is an ADL, and occupational therapy is qualified to intervene. If the need for medical attention or additional referrals to a marriage counselor or other specialist emerges, an occupational therapist should do so.
An occupational therapist intends to create a splint for a patient who has wrist drop as a result of radial nerve damage. Which splint is the best option?
The client's wrist must be placed in a functional posture by the therapist while still providing for support and strengthening. The first web space is maintained by a C-bar splint by opposing the thumb. In cases of ulnar nerve damage, such as claw hand deformity, an MCP flexion block splint is employed. In cases of flexor tendon injuries, a dorsal protective splint is used.
Concerning the creation of a new community building, an occupational therapist is working with an architectural firm. They must build a ramp that elevates the user by 16 inches. Which of the following wheelchair ramps does the occupational therapist advise installing in this building to ensure accessibility?
There must be at least 12 inches of ramp for every inch of climb. If not, the incline might be too high for wheelchair users to handle. The 16-foot ramp satisfies the 1:12 criterion.
A twelve-month-old is being evaluated by a therapist in a clinical setting. Which of the following landmarks is not likely to have materialized?
A 12-month-old may be learning to take her first steps, but it takes until 15 months for that skill to develop. Many infants have mastered using a pincer grasp (10 months), rolling from seated to prone (6–11 months), and releasing a tiny object (12 months) (around eight months).
A young adult patient in a mental health rehab facility has rejected to take part in group and one-on-one activities. Which evaluation ought the occupational therapist to choose in order to establish a baseline for the client's roles and use the information to produce goals that are motivating?
A client's duties and preferred activities are taken into account by COPM and the Activity Card Sort. However, the COPM transforms the responses into factual information that can be used to plan treatments and monitor results. An instrument that examines cognitive levels is called the ACLS-5. A short cognitive screening test is the MMSE.
In a mental health placement, a supervisor requests her level II fieldwork student to use the Ecology of Human Performance (EHP) Model to frame a client case. Which type of intervention best fits this model?
The EHP Model emphasizes how the customer and their surroundings interact (including social, cultural, and temporal). The intervention based on the Cognitive Disabilities frame of reference is illustrated in Answer A. A weighted blanket might be utilized as a strategy in a sensory model. In both evaluation and intervention, the Model of Human Occupation emphasizes volition.
The staff at a long-term care facility is receiving fall prevention training from an occupational therapist. Which of the following resident characteristics increases the likelihood of falls?
Fear of falling can cause someone to become less mobile, which can lead to the musculoskeletal system losing strength and mobility. Falls may be directly caused by vertigo and presbyopia (decreased visual acuity).
Susan, a transcriptionist with a history of carpal tunnel disease and an outpatient client, has been relocated to a position requiring remote work. She worries about how ergonomically sound her new workplace is. Which of the aforementioned suggestions is the ideal one?
Wrists should be in a neutral position at the workstation after it has been adjusted. When seated, knees should be at a 90 degree angle, and the height of the typing surface should not exceed 28 inches. Additionally, the neck need to be in a neutral position.