Watson-Glaser Inference and Assumption Tests Flashcards
7 cards from real Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Watson-Glaser Inference and Assumption Tests flashcards as text
Statement: A pharmaceutical company conducted a 5-year study on 10,000 adults. Participants who slept fewer than 6 hours per night had a 35% higher rate of cardiovascular incidents than those who slept 7–9 hours. The study controlled for diet and exercise. Based ONLY on the above, is this inference TRUE, PROBABLY TRUE, based on INSUFFICIENT DATA, or FALSE? Inference: People who sleep less than 6 hours are more likely to develop heart problems.
Answer: Probably True
The study shows a statistical association, not absolute proof of causation, making 'Probably True' the best fit.
Statement: The city of Riverdale introduced a congestion charge for vehicles entering the city centre between 7 AM and 7 PM on weekdays. In the six months following the charge, traffic volumes in the centre fell by 22% and average journey times dropped by 14 minutes. Based ONLY on the above, is this inference TRUE, PROBABLY TRUE, based on INSUFFICIENT DATA, or FALSE? Inference: The congestion charge caused some drivers to avoid the city centre during charging hours.
Answer: True
The passage directly states traffic fell after the charge — the inference is fully supported as True.
Statement: A regional survey found that 68% of employees at companies offering flexible working hours reported higher job satisfaction than those at companies with fixed hours. Flexible working was defined as the ability to choose start and finish times within a core window. Based ONLY on the above, is this inference TRUE, PROBABLY TRUE, based on INSUFFICIENT DATA, or FALSE? Inference: Companies that do not offer flexible working will experience higher staff turnover.
Answer: Insufficient Data
The passage discusses satisfaction, not turnover. No data on turnover is provided.
Statement: An assumption is something taken for granted, not proved. Statement: 'The government should invest more in renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions.' Which of the following is an assumption made in this statement?
Answer: Reducing carbon emissions is a desirable goal.
The statement only makes sense if we assume reducing carbon emissions is worthwhile — this is taken for granted, not argued.
Statement: A marketing agency noted that its social media campaigns generated three times more leads per pound spent than its print advertising campaigns over the past year. Based ONLY on the above, is this inference TRUE, PROBABLY TRUE, based on INSUFFICIENT DATA, or FALSE? Inference: The agency will completely abandon print advertising next year.
Answer: Insufficient Data
The passage reports ROI data but says nothing about future decisions.
Statement: An assumption is something taken for granted, not proved. Statement: 'Providing free school meals to all children will improve academic performance.' Which of the following is an assumption made in this statement?
Answer: Nutrition has an impact on a child's ability to learn.
The statement only makes sense if nutrition and learning are connected — this link is assumed, not stated.
Statement: Over a 10-year period, countries with higher rates of university degree holders showed GDP growth rates averaging 2.1% higher than countries with lower rates of degree holders. The analysis covered 40 nations across varying income levels. Based ONLY on the above, is this inference TRUE, PROBABLY TRUE, based on INSUFFICIENT DATA, or FALSE? Inference: Investing in higher education contributes to economic growth.
Answer: Probably True
The correlation across 40 nations is strong evidence, but the passage stops short of proving direct causation.