Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
Which layer of the cornea is the primary barrier against infection and fluid loss?
Answer: Epithelium
The corneal epithelium serves as the primary physical and chemical barrier protecting the eye from pathogens and fluid loss.
What is the approximate volume of the adult human vitreous humor?
Answer: 4 mL
The vitreous humor occupies approximately 4 mL, making up about 80% of the eye's total volume.
The fovea centralis is located within which structure of the eye?
Answer: Macula lutea
The fovea centralis is a small pit located at the center of the macula lutea, responsible for the sharpest central vision.
Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?
Answer: CN VI
Cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) innervates the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye.
Aqueous humor is produced by which ocular structure?
Answer: Ciliary body
The ciliary body's non-pigmented epithelium secretes aqueous humor, which maintains intraocular pressure and nourishes avascular structures.
What type of photoreceptors are responsible for color vision in bright light?
Answer: Cones
Cone photoreceptors are concentrated in the fovea and are responsible for color discrimination and high-acuity vision in photopic (bright light) conditions.