Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
The trabecular meshwork drains aqueous humor into which structure?
Answer: Schlemm's canal
Aqueous humor flows through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm's canal, then into episcleral veins.
Which muscle of the eye is responsible for intorsion and depression when the eye is in the adducted position?
Answer: Superior oblique
The superior oblique muscle, innervated by CN IV (trochlear nerve), intorts the eye and depresses it most effectively when the eye is adducted.
What is the primary function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?
Answer: Phagocytose shed photoreceptor outer segments
The RPE daily phagocytoses shed outer segments of photoreceptors, recycles visual pigments, and maintains photoreceptor health.
The cornea derives its nutrients primarily from:
Answer: Aqueous humor and tear film
The avascular cornea receives nutrients from the aqueous humor posteriorly and the precorneal tear film anteriorly.
Which portion of the optic nerve is visible during fundoscopy?
Answer: Optic disc (nerve head)
The optic disc (optic nerve head) is the only portion of the optic nerve visible on fundoscopy, appearing as a pale disc nasal to the fovea.
Accommodation of the lens is achieved by relaxation of which structure?
Answer: Zonular fibers
When the ciliary muscle contracts, zonular fibers relax, allowing the elastic lens to become more spherical for near focus.