Common Eye Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
6 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Common Eye Diseases and Disorders flashcards as text
Which type of glaucoma is characterized by a sudden painful rise in intraocular pressure with a mid-dilated, fixed pupil?
Answer: Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Acute angle-closure glaucoma presents with sudden severe eye pain, nausea, blurred vision, halos, and a mid-dilated fixed pupil due to abrupt obstruction of aqueous outflow.
What is the most common cause of irreversible blindness in the United States?
Answer: Age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss and legal blindness in Americans over age 65.
A nuclear sclerotic cataract typically causes which refractive shift?
Answer: Myopic shift
Nuclear sclerotic cataracts increase the refractive index of the lens nucleus, causing a myopic (nearsighted) shift, sometimes improving near vision temporarily (second sight).
Diabetic retinopathy with neovascularization is classified as:
Answer: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is defined by the presence of retinal neovascularization, which can lead to vitreous hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment.
Which finding is characteristic of wet (exudative) age-related macular degeneration?
Answer: Choroidal neovascularization
Wet AMD is characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV), where abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and cause rapid, severe vision loss.
A patient with herpes zoster ophthalmicus and a lesion on the tip of the nose should be examined for what ocular complication?
Answer: Corneal involvement
The Hutchinson sign (tip-of-nose lesion) indicates involvement of the nasociliary branch of CN V, predicting a high risk of ocular/corneal complications.