Common Eye Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
6 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Common Eye Diseases and Disorders flashcards as text
Which cell type is primarily damaged in primary open-angle glaucoma?
Answer: Retinal ganglion cells
Primary open-angle glaucoma results in progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons (optic nerve fibers), leading to characteristic optic nerve cupping.
Optic neuritis presenting in a young adult is most strongly associated with which systemic disease?
Answer: Multiple sclerosis
Optic neuritis, especially retrobulbar neuritis with pain on eye movement, is a common demyelinating event and may be the first presentation of multiple sclerosis.
Corneal dendrites with terminal bulbs on fluorescein staining are diagnostic of:
Answer: Herpes simplex keratitis
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis produces branching dendritic epithelial ulcers with terminal bulbs that stain with fluorescein and rose bengal.
Which condition is characterized by bilateral, symmetric deposition of cholesterol in the corneal stroma without limbal involvement?
Answer: Corneal arcus (arcus senilis)
Corneal arcus (arcus senilis) appears as a gray-white peripheral corneal ring of lipid deposits, separated from the limbus by a clear zone.
A patient with Marfan syndrome most commonly has lens subluxation in which direction?
Answer: Superior and temporal
In Marfan syndrome, lens subluxation (ectopia lentis) typically occurs in the superior and temporal direction due to fibrillin-1 defects in the zonular fibers.
Iridescent crystals in the corneal stroma are associated with which systemic metabolic disorder?
Answer: Cystinosis
Cystinosis, a lysosomal storage disorder, causes cystine crystal deposition in the corneal stroma, visible as sparkling needlelike crystals on slit-lamp examination.