Common Eye Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
6 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Common Eye Diseases and Disorders flashcards as text
A 'cherry-red spot' on fundoscopy is classic for which condition?
Answer: Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal artery occlusion causes diffuse retinal whitening (ischemic edema) that contrasts with the intact choroidal supply at the fovea, creating the classic cherry-red spot.
Retinitis pigmentosa classically presents with which early visual symptom?
Answer: Night blindness (nyctalopia)
Retinitis pigmentosa first affects rod photoreceptors in the peripheral retina, causing night blindness and progressive peripheral visual field loss.
Neovascular glaucoma is most commonly associated with which underlying condition?
Answer: Central retinal vein occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is the most common cause of neovascular glaucoma due to retinal ischemia stimulating VEGF-driven rubeosis iridis.
Which sign is associated with hyperthyroidism-related Graves' ophthalmopathy?
Answer: Lid lag on downgaze
Von Graefe's sign (lid lag on downgaze) occurs in Graves' ophthalmopathy due to sympathetic overstimulation and restrictive myopathy causing proptosis.
What is the hallmark finding in keratoconus?
Answer: Progressive corneal thinning and ectasia
Keratoconus is characterized by progressive bilateral corneal thinning and ectasia (cone-shaped protrusion), causing irregular astigmatism and decreased vision.
Subretinal fluid with shifting fluid on positioning is characteristic of which type of retinal detachment?
Answer: Exudative (serous) retinal detachment
Exudative retinal detachments lack a retinal break; fluid shifts with gravity/position changes, unlike rhegmatogenous detachments where fluid is relatively fixed.